Exercise training will help health and performance. But will too much exercise do the opposite? This was the topic of debate in the media...

Muscle cramps during exercise can drastically affect performance and are a common problem amongst endurance athletes. These cramps are common during or after exercise and can range from a minor cramp in a small muscle that passes quickly on its own, to a very painful cramp in a large muscle that remains causing pain for hours. The causes of cramps are not fully understood, but there are a few of causes that have been identified (see ‘ What causes muscle cramps in exercise?’ )

A recent paper (1) studied how a progressively increasing training program affected various measures of health and performance. It...

Milk features in the nutrition guidelines in nearly every country in the world. Clearly it has some beneficial attributes, but it also...

Milk and other dairy products are polarising. Some claim it is the best option for recovery, others claim there are detrimental health...

Muscle cramping during exercise is a common problem among athletes that involves sudden, involuntary and painful muscle contraction during or after exercise. The occurrence of cramps is quite unpredictable, and the causes are not well understood, though there are two hypotheses. Types and prevalence of muscle cramps Many athletes have experienced muscle cramping during or after exercise, at some point in their sporting career. It is difficult to assess how many athletes suffe

The intestine is responsible for absorption of nutrients but also to keep large molecules and germs out of our bodies. It has been...

What are the ‘relative energy deficiency in sport’ (RED-S), the ‘athlete triad’ and low energy availability? Definition of concepts and...

Caffeine is both a drug and a nutrient. A cup of coffee in the morning is used to wake up a cup in the evening is often used to work or...

Should women get different sport and exercise science advice/support than men? The honest answer is that [right now] we just don’t know....

Many people living with type 1 diabetes live an active lifestyle, and there are numerous examples of individuals achieving incredible...

Background Cannabis is a herbaceous plant that is perhaps best known for its role as a recreational drug. There is however growing...

There is accumulating evidence to suggest that most elite cyclists have lower bone mineral density values compared with non-elite cyclists.

Iron plays an important role in several exercise-relevant processes such as red blood cell production, and energy metabolism, whilst also...

An interesting review (1) was published recently re-igniting the discussion whether women will ever outperform men in ultra-endurance events. Males tend to outperform females in a number of sports. For example in the marathon the difference is around 10%. However, this difference is much smaller in ultra-endurance sports, such as in ultra-marathon (with a difference of 4%), or in extreme ultra endurance events where the difference is negligible. It appears that the longer the

It is now well accepted that gut complaints during and after exercise are a common issues amongst athletes (Read more here). The primary...

Many competitions take place in hot and challenging conditions. The Tokyo Olympic Games are only an example. The expected hot conditions...

A new article was published (1) with insights about sweat losses, and intake patterns of FC Barcelona players during different training...

More and more people with type 1 diabetes are active and there are now a number of individuals living with type 1 diabetes competing at...

guest blog by: Michael J. Ormsbee, Lillie Renteria, and Casey Greenwalt. Most people believe eating before sleep makes you accumulate fat because you are resting for multiple hours after you eat. However, research suggests this to be untrue with pre-sleep protein consumption. Why protein presleep? Protein consumption is important to facilitate protein synthesis, promote lean muscle growth, improve strength, recover from exercise, as well as maintain and improve metabolic and